Reward Management System on Employee Motivation in MSMEs: A Systematic Literature Review
Keywords:
Reward, Motivation, Reward Management SystemAbstract
The role of MSMEs as a business enterprise service must certainly have a strategy to improve employee performance, one of which is appreciation for their performance and achievements in increasing revenue or profit for the organization. This research is a systematic literature study (SLR) that aims to analyze trends in scientific publications related to the development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) from various aspects, including the type of document, scientific field, and country of origin of the author. The analysis shows that the majority of documents are scientific articles (83.3%), with the dominant fields including Business, Management and Accounting and Social Sciences (25% each). The largest source of publications came from the United Kingdom and Malaysia. This finding shows that there is considerable scientific attention to MSME development, especially from countries with strong entrepreneurial systems. In the Indonesian context, the results of this study provide an important illustration of the need for cross-disciplinary knowledge integration and the adoption of research-based policies from other countries to strengthen the competitiveness of national MSMEs. The study also recommends increased international collaboration and research focus on aspects of digitalization, innovation and sustainability in the development of MSMEs in Indonesia.
References
Abaeian, V., Khong, K. W., Kyid Yeoh, K., & McCabe, S. (2019). Motivations of undertaking CSR initiatives by independent hotels: a holistic approach. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(6), 2468–2487. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-03-2018-0193
Ajayi, S. O., Lister, N., Dauda, J. A., Oyegoke, A., & Alaka, H. (2024). Influencing sub-contracted operatives’ attitudes and behaviours towards improved health and safety culture in construction. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 31(6), 2286–2305. https://doi.org/10.1108/ECAM-03-2022-0265
Akter, H., Ahmed, W., Sentosa, I., & Hizam, S. M. (2022). Crafting employee engagement through talent management practices in telecom sector. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 20. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v20i0.1775
Al-Dalahmeh, M., Héder-Rima, M., & Dajnoki, K. (2020). The effect of talent management practices on employee turnover intention in the information and communication technologies (ICTs) sector: Case of Jordan. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 18(4), 59–71. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(4).2020.06
Al-Haziazi, M. (2024). Critical analysis of drivers of employee engagement and their impact on job performance. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 22. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v22i0.2633
Alsaad, A., Aleid, K., Almadani, L., Alhaj, O., Jahrami, H., & Janahi, A. (2024). The impact of a social-media-based weight management program: insights from the community campaign “obesity does not suit me.” Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research, 42(2), 331–341. https://doi.org/10.1108/AGJSR-05-2022-0057
Alves, I., Gregório, B., & Lourenço, S. M. (2024). Personality characteristics, preferences for rewards and the propensity to choose an auditing job. Journal of Accounting and Organizational Change, 20(6), 56–84. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-04-2023-0080
Boudreau, K. J., Jeppesen, L. B., Reichstein, T., & Rullani, F. (2021). Crowdfunding as Donations to Entrepreneurial Firms. Research Policy, 50(7). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104264
By, R. T., & Dale, C. (2008). The successful management of organisational change in tourism SMEs: Initial findings in UK visitor attractions. International Journal of Tourism Research, 10(4), 305–313. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.663
Bykova, A., Lobza, A., Gavrysh, J., Soroka, I., & Karpenko, Y. (2022). The Effectiveness of Bonus Payment as a Financial Incentive for Top Management. WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics, 19, 1476–1492. https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2022.19.133
Cagno, E., Micheli, G. J. L., Jacinto, C., & Masi, D. (2014). An interpretive model of occupational safety performance for Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 44(1), 60–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2013.08.005
Camilleri, M. A., Troise, C., & Morrison, A. M. (2024). Motivations and commitment to work in the hospitality industry: investigating employee psychology and responsible organizational behaviors. Tourism Review, 79(1), 85–103. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-12-2022-0611
Chala, N., Poplavska, O., Danylevych, N., Ievseitseva, O., & Sova, R. (2022). Intrinsic motivation of millennials and generation Z in the new post-pandemic reality. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 20(2), 536–550. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.20(2).2022.44
Chan, Y. K., & Ma, H. (2022). Need satisfaction management strategies: Motivating designers in mainland China. Journal of Design, Business and Society, 8(1), 111–133. https://doi.org/10.1386/dbs_00035_1
Chatzoglou, P. D., Diamantidis, A. D., & Karras, A. (2024). Unveiling employee motivating factors during economic crisis periods: A structural approach. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 97(3), 1148–1165. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12507
Chen, C. W., Chang, M. L., Tseng, C. P., Chen, B. C., & Chang, Y. Y. C. (2013). Critical human factor evaluation of knowledge sharing intention in Taiwanese enterprises. Human Factors and Ergonomics In Manufacturing, 23(2), 95–106. https://doi.org/10.1002/hfm.20300
Chikwariro, S., Bussin, M., & De Braine, R. (2021). Reframing performance management praxis at the harare city council. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 19, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v19i0.1438
Choi, Y. (2024). Influence of HRM practices on innovation in software engineering: the mediating role of developer experience. European Journal of Management and Business Economics. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJMBE-05-2022-0141
De Silva, M., Al-Tabbaa, O., & Pinto, J. (2023). Academics engaging in knowledge transfer and co-creation: Push causation and pull effectuation? Research Policy, 52(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2022.104668
Eze, U. C., Goh, G. G. G., Goh, C. Y., & Tan, T. L. (2013). Perspectives of SMEs on knowledge sharing. Vine, 43(2), 210–236. https://doi.org/10.1108/03055721311329963
Fischer, C. (2024). Motivated to share? Development and validation of a domain-specific scale to measure knowledge-sharing motives. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 54(4), 861–895. https://doi.org/10.1108/VJIKMS-09-2021-0200
Guerci, M., Canterino, F., Carollo, L., Dorigatti, L., & Mori, A. (2021). ‘Grand challenge’ or ‘not an issue’? The discourses on income inequality of compensation managers and consultants. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 32(20), 4363–4391. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2019.1691623
Gulzar, S., Hussain, K., Akhlaq, A., Abbas, Z., & Ghauri, S. (2024). Exploring the psychological contract breach of nurses in healthcare: an exploratory study. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 16(1), 204–230. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJBA-03-2021-0102
Gunawan, H., Pala, R., Tijjang, B., Razak, M., & Qur’ani, B. (2024). Global challenges of the mining industry: Effect of job insecurity and reward on turnover intention through job satisfaction. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 22. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v22i0.2555
Holbrook, R. L., & Chappell, D. (2019). Sweet Rewards: An Exercise to Demonstrate Process Theories of Motivation. Management Teaching Review, 4(1), 49–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/2379298118806632
Hopkins, B., & Dowell, D. (2022). Recruitment and retention in not-for-profit organisations: tailored strategies for younger and older volunteers. Employee Relations, 44(1), 259–273. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-10-2020-0450
Jiang, L., Deng, X. (Nancy), & Wagner, C. (2024). Understanding the individual labor supply and wages on digital labor platforms: A microworker perspective. International Journal of Information Management, 79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2024.102823
Johnstone, L. (2021). Facilitating sustainability control in SMEs through the implementation of an environmental management system. Journal of Management Control, 32(4), 559–605. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00187-021-00329-0
Kościółek, S. (2022). Heterogeneity of motivations among crowdinvestors: Evidence from the football industry. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 18(4), 157–183. https://doi.org/10.7341/20221845
Lamichhane, B. D., Bhaumik, A., Gnawali, A., & Lama, P. B. (2024). Reward and recognition for employee motivation in Nepalese microfinance institutions. International Journal of Management and Sustainability, 13(3), 587–599. https://doi.org/10.18488/11.v13i3.3835
Li, S., Rees, C. J., & Branine, M. (2019). Employees’ perceptions of human resource management practices and employee outcomes: Empirical evidence from small and medium-sized enterprises in China. Employee Relations, 41(6), 1419–1433. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-01-2019-0065
Lin, C., Shipton, H., Teng, W., Kitt, A., Do, H., & Chadwick, C. (2022). Sparking creativity using extrinsic rewards: A self-determination theory perspective. Human Resource Management, 61(6), 723–735. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.22128
Maake, G., Harmse, C. P., & Schultz, C. M. (2021). Performance management as a mediator for work engagement and employment relationships in the public sector in south africa. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 19. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v19i0.1507
Mabasa, T. R., & Eresia-Eke, C. E. (2025). Span-of-control’s role at the intersection of transactional leadership and employee commitment. Acta Commercii, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/ac.v25i1.1325
Mabaso, C. M., Maja, M. T., Kavir, M., Lekwape, L., Makhasane, S. S., & Khumalo, M. T. (2021). Talent retention strategies: An exploratory study within the consulting industry in gauteng province, south africa. Acta Commercii, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/ac.v21i1.885
Maphanga, M. E., Mokoena, A. B., & Isabirye, A. K. (2024). Leadership power bases influence on quality of work-life and intention to stay among retailing employees. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 22. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v22i0.2403
MARIN, R. (2021). Rewards management in organizations: A retrospective on what organizations have set out and achieved in order to identify future actions. IBIMA Business Review, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5171/2021.642473
Mathafena, R. B., & Grobler, A. (2020). The effectiveness of human resources practices in driving proactive experimentation and risk-taking work behaviours in organisations. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 18, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v18i0.1259
McWha-Hermann, I., Jandric, J., Cook-Lundgren, E., & Carr, S. C. (2022). Toward fairer global reward: Lessons from international non-governmental organizations. International Business Review, 31(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101897
Meirinhos, G., Cardoso, A., Neves, M., Silva, R., & Rêgo, R. (2023). Leadership Styles, Motivation, Communication and Reward Systems in Business Performance. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm16020070
Minárová, M., Mura, L., & Malá, D. (2021). Corporate Volunteering and Creating a Quality Culture. Quality - Access to Success, 22(185). https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/22.185.01
Mowbray, P. K., Gu, J., Chen, Z., Tse, H. H. M., & Wilkinson, A. (2024). How do tangible and intangible rewards encourage employee voice? The perspective of dual proactive motivational pathways. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 35(15), 2569–2601. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2024.2353660
Mukwevho, N. R., & Bussin, M. H. R. (2021). Exploring the role of a total rewards strategy in retaining south african police officers in limpopo province. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 19. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v19i0.1391
Musakuro, R. N., & De Klerk, F. (2021). Academic talent: Perceived challenges to talent management in the south african higher education sector. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 19, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.4102/SAJHRM.V19I0.1394
Musie, A., & Wolvaardt, J. E. (2021). Risk and reward: Experiences of healthcare professionals caring for drug-resistant tuberculosis patients. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 19, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v19i0.1191
Odrakiewicz, P., Skrobacki, R., & Gaylord, M. (2023). Poland: Informal Employee Motivation, Rewards, and Flexible Management in a Dynamic SME Environment in Poland. In The Global Human Resource Management Casebook, Third Edition (pp. 94–102). Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003307099-13
Oswald, D., Lingard, H., & Zhang, R. P. (2022). How transactional and transformational safety leadership behaviours are demonstrated within the construction industry. Construction Management and Economics, 40(5), 374–390. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2022.2053998
Park, C., McQuaid, R., Lee, J., Kim, S., & Lee, I. (2019). The impact of job retention on continuous growth of engineering and informational technology SMEs in South Korea. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(18). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11185005
Patel, C., Ahmad Husairi, M., Haon, C., & Oberoi, P. (2023). Monetary rewards and self-selection in design crowdsourcing contests: Managing participation, contribution appropriateness, and winning trade-offs. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122447
Phung, G., Trinh, H. H., Nguyen, T. H., & Trinh, V. Q. (2023). Top-management compensation and environmental innovation strategy. Business Strategy and the Environment, 32(4), 1634–1649. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3209
Prabadevi, M. N., & Subramanian, K. P. (2023). “Work Contentment” - an Enabler for Career Development-a Study With Special Reference To the Hospital Industry. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(5). https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i5.1738
Rajeswaran, P., Kengatharan, N., & Rasanayagam, J. X. (2023). Teacher Job Satisfaction: Do Human Resource Management Practices Matter? Evidence from Secondary Level Education. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 29(3), 238–256. https://doi.org/10.52152/kuey.v29i3.653
Řehoř, P., & Vrchota, J. (2018). Remuneration in small and middle-sized enterprises with project management. Procedia Computer Science, 138, 829–834. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.10.108
Ruiz-Lozano, M., de los Ríos-Berjillos, A., & Millán-Lara, S. (2019). Characteristics and management of ethical codes. An exploratory study in Andalusia. CIRIEC-Espana Revista de Economia Publica, Social y Cooperativa, 96, 215–251. https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-E.96.12492
Shafique, I., & Beh, L. S. (2016). The role of leadership styles to promote innovation: Empirical evidence from a developing country. International Journal of Business Research, 16(1), 23–38. https://doi.org/10.18374/IJBR-16-1.2
Siverbo, S. (2023). Verbal rewards and public managers’ autonomous motivation. Financial Accountability and Management, 39(3), 534–553. https://doi.org/10.1111/faam.12362
Sixpence, S., de Braine, R., Bussin, M., & Mthombeni, M. (2021). Anchoring human resource management to sustain employee performance at johannesburg metropolitan municipality. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 19. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v19i0.1611
Smit, P. K., Schultz, C. M., & van Hoek, C. E. (2021). The relationship between talent management, transformational leadership and work engagement: An automotive artisan perspective. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 19. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v19i0.1578
Speckbacher, G. (2021). Does performance evaluation kill creativity? A(re) interpretation of existing literature. Pacific Accounting Review, 33(1), 6–19. https://doi.org/10.1108/PAR-09-2020-0150
Xuan, V. N. (2020). Factors affecting knowledge sharing in enterprises: Evidence from small and medium enterprises in Vietnam. Management Science Letters, 10(2), 469–478. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.8.023
Yadewani, D., & Wijaya, R. (2019). The relationship between reward, work discipline, motivation and employee job satisfaction among employees of inews tv padang, indonesia. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(2 Special Issue 9), 491–494. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.B1109.0982S919
Yang, J., & Chen, H. (2019). Can rewards incentives of non-state-owned enterprises realize co-win cooperation of workers, enterprises and the society?: From the perspective of labor productivity, profit and labor absorption. Nankai Business Review International, 10(2), 179–206. https://doi.org/10.1108/NBRI-03-2018-0020
